CHAPTER 12 ALDEHYDES AND KETONES SEMESTER 2






























Structures of Aldehydes and Ketones• Both aldehydes and ketones contain a carbonylgroup. The carbonyl is a very polar grou...


Physical properties of Aldehydes
Physical properties of Aldehydes

Physical properties of AldehydesSome interesting occurrences of aldehydes and ketones in natural products








3.1 Reduction to Secondary Alcohols  Ketones can be reduced to alcohols using: a) lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4) b) ...


3) Nucleophilic Addition  The carbonyl groups in aldehydes and ketones are polarised because of the difference in the ele...




3.2a Nucleophilic addition of hydrogen cyanide * Cyanohydrin may be formed using liquid HCN with a catalytic amount of sod...












Alkyl groups are electron donating, and so ketones have their effective partial positive charge reduced more than aldehyde...

3.5 Haloform Reaction IODOFORM TEST - Reagent: solution of I2 in an alkaline medium such as NaOH or KOH. - Iodoform test i...



Resources on other websites:


















Image result for internet

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/carbonyls/background.html

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/organic-chemistry/aldehydes-ketones

https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/virttxtjml/aldket1.htm
















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